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The 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was given to three researchers: Mary Branco, 64, a senior manager at the Seattle Systems Biology Research Institute in the United States; Fred Ramsdell, 65 (both from the U.S.), an advisor at Sonoma BioTherapeutics in the U.S.; and Shimon Sakaguchi, 74, a renowned professor at Osaka University in Japan.

The Nobel Committee from Sweden’s Karolinska Institute revealed the winners on the 6th, noting that their identification of “peripheral immune tolerance” advanced the field of immunology.

If the body’s immune system is not adequately controlled, it may end up harming the body. The three scientists were honored for their discovery of “peripheral immune tolerance,” a process that stops the immune system from attacking the body. The Nobel Committee stated, “Their research provided the basis for new studies, facilitating the creation of innovative therapies for conditions such as cancer.”

The Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been given out 116 times since 1901, with this year being the latest instance.

Japan has continually awarded Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine. In 2018, Tasuku Honjo was awarded the prize for his work in developing a new cancer treatment. In 2016, Yoshinori Ohsumi was recognized for his studies on autophagy. Japan also saw recipients in 2015 (Satoshi Ōmura) and 2012 (Shinya Yamanaka).

As reported by Japanese regional media, such as Nikkei, Sakaguchi is Japan’s 26th Nobel Prize winner in the sciences and the sixth in the field of Physiology or Medicine.

The reward totals 11 million Swedish kronor (around 1.656 billion South Korean won).

The Nobel Committee will reveal the winner of the Physics Prize on the 7th, the Chemistry Prize on the 8th, and the Literature Prize on the 9th. The recipient of the Peace Prize will be announced on the 10th, while the Economics Prize will be disclosed on the 13th.